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At its centre, however, is one simple issue: that of copyright.
出自-2011年12月阅读原文
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Copyright laws differ from country to country, but in general protection extends for the duration of an author's life and for a substantial period afterwards, thus allowing the author's heirs to benefit
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Of the roughly 40 million books in US libraries, for example, an estimated 32 million are in copyright.
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Outside the US, Google has made sure only to scan books that are out of copyright and thus in the "public domain" (works such as the Bodleian's first edition of Middle march, which anyone can read for free on Google Books Search)
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But critics allege that by making electronic copies of these books without first seeking the permission of copyright holders, Google has committed piracy.
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The key principle of copyright law has always been that works can be copied only once authors have expressly given their permission," says Piers Blofeld, of the Sheil Land literary agency in London
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Interest in this aspect of the settlement has focused on "orphan" works, where there is no known copyright holder – these make up an estimated 5-10% of the books Google has scanned.
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Google has involved itself in a legal battle as it ignored the copyright of the books it scanned
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the copyright of authors of out-of-print books
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the copyright of the books it scanned
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it is willing to compensate the copyright holders
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making electronic copies of books is not a violation of copyright
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The compensation for copyright holders.
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Books whose copyright holders are not known are called orphan works
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